Uraci

The Uraci or Duraci, also known as the Urakoi in Greek sources, were a lesser-known Celtic group inhabiting pre-Roman Iberia. Originating from mixed Illyrian and Gallic backgrounds, possibly linked to the Helvetic Rauraci, they migrated to the Iberian Peninsula around the 4th century BC during a period of Celtic migration. Their name translates roughly as "those placed farther apart."

Settling in the eastern meseta and southern slopes of the Central Iberian System mountains between the upper Duero and Henares rivers, the Uraci neighbored the Carpetani. Their capital was Lutiaca (modern-day Luzaga), and they controlled strategic towns including Cortona (Medinacelli), Segontia (Sigüenza), and Arcobriga (Monreal de Ariza).

Culturally, the Uraci spoke a Q-Celtic language and shared material culture similarities with the Celtiberians. Historically, they were clients of the powerful Arevaci by the late 4th or early 3rd century BC, providing military assistance. Their role in major conflicts like the Second Punic War remains unclear. By around 92 BC, they rebelled against Arevacian rule with Roman support, receiving Numantia from the defeated Pellendones. However, their independence was brief, ending after the Sertorian Wars in 72 BC when they were incorporated as Roman allies into pacified southern Celtiberia.