Remote SIM provisioning

Remote SIM Provisioning (RSP) is a GSMA specification enabling remote activation of embedded subscriber identity modules (SIMs) in devices like smartphones, smartwatches, and tablets. This technology, part of the broader eSIM initiative, structures SIM functionality into domains for security, applications, and operator profiles. It supports both traditional SIM cards and integrated SOC solutions, ensuring secure key management through GSMA certification.

Originally developed to address challenges with non-removable SIMs, mobile operators' "always best connected" services, IoT growth, and deployment costs, RSP was introduced by GSMA in 2014, finalized in 2016. Initially targeting M2M devices, it later expanded to wearables and enterprise applications.

RSP's functions include allowing users to connect devices to chosen networks, simplifying multi-device subscriptions, and driving innovation in connected devices. The eSIM refers to functionality rather than physical size, with various formats available. GSMA's SGP.24 framework ensures interoperability and security for eSIMs, covering functional interoperability, eUICC security, and subscription management.

Operationally, the Local Profile Assistant (LPA) initiates provisioning by contacting a Subscription Manager (SM) via HTTPS. The SM provides encrypted profiles, ensuring secure installation on eUICC through challenge-response authentication. The SM's address can be defined via QR codes, manual entry, or hardcoded firmware, enhancing flexibility and security in remote SIM activation.