Franz Ludwig von Cancrin

Franz Ludwig von Cancrin (1738–1812) was a German polymath known for his contributions to mineralogy, metallurgy, architecture, and writing. Born into a mining family, he received early training in mining science from his father. He began his career in 1764 as a professor of mathematics at the military academy in Hanau while also serving as head of the civil engineering department and director of the theatre and mint. His work on the copper mines of Elesse (1767) earned him international acclaim.

In 1783, he accepted Catherine II of Russia's invitation to direct the Staraya salt-works, moving to Russia thereafter. By 1798, he had become a councillor of state in St. Petersburg. Cancrin authored numerous influential works, including *Grundzüge der Berg- und Salzwerkskunde* (12 volumes, 1773–1791), which remains significant and has been translated into multiple languages.

His son, Count Georg von Cancrin (1774–1845), became a prominent Russian finance minister and played a key role in liaising with Alexander von Humboldt during his 1829 expedition to Russia. The mineral cancrinite is named after Georg.

Cancrin's writings spanned various fields, including metallurgical techniques, mineralogical theory, architectural principles, and water management. His works were widely published and included practical treatises on mining, metallurgy, and architecture, as well as theoretical texts on mineralogy and state management of natural resources.