Dei gesta per Francos

"Dei gesta per Francos," written by Guibert of Nogent between 1107 and 1108, is a narrative of the First Crusade. Unlike his earlier theological works, this text represents a departure into historical writing, inspired by an anonymous eyewitness account called "Gesta Francorum." Guibert criticized "Gesta Francorum" as rough and simplistic, aiming to improve its grammar, diction, and content while adding anti-Jewish rhetoric. Despite not being an eyewitness himself, he defended his work by emphasizing the value of hearing accounts from crusaders he knew personally.

The text has traditionally received mixed reviews from scholars, with some finding it redundant due to its closeness to "Gesta Francorum" and its complex Latin. However, recent translators and editors have highlighted its original material and literary quality, as well as its insights into how the First Crusade was perceived in France. Guibert's work includes moral instruction and prophecy, framing the crusade as part of a divine plan. It operates on multiple levels—literal, typological, moral, and anagogical—much like medieval allegory.

Guibert also expressed contempt for Peter the Hermit, even composing a mocking song about his flight during the siege of Antioch. This critique reflects Guibert's monastic perspective, as he criticized Peter’s lifestyle despite his reputation as a hermit. Overall, "Dei gesta per Francos" combines historical narrative with spiritual and moral lessons, offering a unique view of the First Crusade and its impact.