Christopher Tye

Christopher Tye (c. 1505 – before 1573) was an English Renaissance composer and organist, likely born in Cambridgeshire. He studied at Cambridge University, earning a Bachelor of Music degree after ten years of study, and later became Doctor of Music from both Cambridge and Oxford universities. Tye served as choirmaster at Ely Cathedral and was a music teacher to Edward VI, with whom he maintained a close relationship, as evident in the dedication of his 1553 work *The Actes of the Apostles*. His compositions include choral works, masses, and instrumental pieces like *In Nomines*, though much of his output has been lost. Tye is also known for the hymn tune "Winchester Old," derived from his *Acts of the Apostles*, which is commonly used in the UK version of "While Shepherds Watched Their Flocks."

Tye's career was deeply influenced by Richard Cox, a church reformer and tutor to King Edward, who likely introduced him to the royal court. Tye ceased composing after being ordained as a deacon and priest in 1560, becoming rector of Doddington, Cambridgeshire. He died before March 1573. Despite his lost works, Tye is considered one of the most influential English composers of his time, with surviving pieces showcasing his skill in both choral and instrumental music.