Alliance of Sahel States

The Alliance of Sahel States (AES) is a regional bloc formed by Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger following their withdrawal from ECOWAS due to feelings of marginalization regarding security challenges such as terrorism and political instability. The AES aims to address these issues independently while reducing French influence, seeking greater autonomy in policy-making.

The alliance operates under a rotating presidency, with each member state leading for two years, and is headquartered in Niamey, Niger. It has established institutions including a council, commission, parliament, court, central bank, and joint military force to tackle security concerns.

Internationally, the AES is diversifying its partnerships, engaging with Russia, China, Turkey, and Iran to counterbalance French influence. Russia provides military support, while China contributes through infrastructure projects within the Belt and Road Initiative.

Domestically, the AES focuses on economic integration, including a customs union to facilitate port access for landlocked members, and social-cultural initiatives to foster unity among diverse populations.

Despite these efforts, challenges such as Senegal's ban on AES passports and ECOWAS sanctions highlight regional tensions, impacting free movement and trade. The AES seeks to navigate independence while maintaining cooperation with neighbors.

Leadership within the AES includes figures with complex backgrounds, influencing both regional dynamics and international relations.