European Skeptics Congress

The European Skeptics Congress (ESC) has evolved over three decades, beginning in 1989 as a platform for addressing pseudoscience and skeptical inquiry. Early congresses focused on foundational topics such as alternative medicine and UFO claims, while later events expanded to contemporary issues like GMOs, climate change, and pandemic misinformation.

Key milestones include ESC 17 (2015), which scrutinized homeopathy and conspiracy theories, and ESC 18 (2019), highlighting vaccine hesitancy and agricultural skepticism. The most recent congress, ESC 19 (2022), delved into trust in science, drug policies, and the impact of pandemics on human behavior.

Throughout its history, the ESC has maintained a focus on critical thinking and evidence-based discourse, adapting to address emerging challenges such as digital misinformation and conspiracy theories. This evolution reflects the congress's role in fostering rational dialogue across Europe.