Compagnons du Devoir

The Compagnons du Devoir, also known as the Compagnons du Tour de France, is an ancient French organization of craftsmen and artisans with roots in medieval times. Originally persecuted by kings and the Catholic Church for refusing to submit to their authority, they played a key role in constructing churches and castles across France. Banned under the Le Chapelier Law of 1791, the organization was later reinstated in 1864. During World War II, they faced persecution from Nazi occupiers who mistakenly linked them to Freemasonry.

The Compagnons du Devoir emphasizes rigorous apprenticeships, moral development, and physical skill. Members undergo a structured initiation process, starting as stagiaires (apprentices), progressing to aspirants, and eventually becoming full compagnons. This journey involves isolation, marginality, and integration into the group, aligning with Arnold Van Gennep's theory of rites of passage.

Professionally, they represent trades such as stoneworking, carpentry, blacksmithing, baking, and winemaking, among others. Notable members include Agricol Perdiguier, a 19th-century joiner, and Joël Robuchon, a celebrated chef who embraced the organization's spirit of excellence.

The Compagnons du Devoir has inspired literary works like George Sand's *Le Compagnon du Tour de France* (1840) and René Guénon's study on Freemasonry and Compagnonnage. Today, they are active in 49 countries, preserving their legacy while adapting to modern times.